NuRadioMC.SignalGen.parametrizations module

NuRadioMC.SignalGen.parametrizations.set_log_level(level)[source]
NuRadioMC.SignalGen.parametrizations.get_parametrizations()[source]

returns a list of all implemented parametrizations

NuRadioMC.SignalGen.parametrizations.get_time_trace(energy, theta, N, dt, shower_type, n_index, R, model, seed=None, same_shower=False, k_L=None, full_output=False, average_shower=False)[source]

returns the Askaryan pulse in the time domain of the eTheta component

We implement only the time-domain solution and obtain the frequency spectrum via FFT (with the standard normalization of NuRadioMC). This approach assures that the units are interpreted correctly. In the time domain, the amplitudes are well defined and not details about fourier transform normalizations needs to be known by the user.

Parameters:
energyfloat

energy of the shower

theta: float

viewangle: angle between shower axis (neutrino direction) and the line of sight between interaction and detector

Nint

number of samples in the time domain

dt: float

time bin width, i.e. the inverse of the sampling rate

shower_type: string (default “HAD”)

type of shower, either “HAD” (hadronic), “EM” (electromagnetic)

n_index: float

index of refraction at interaction vertex

R: float

distance from vertex to observer

model: string

specifies the signal model

  • ZHS1992: the original ZHS parametrization from E. Zas, F. Halzen, and T. Stanev, Phys. Rev. D 45, 362 (1992), doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.45.362, this parametrization does not contain any phase information

  • Alvarez2000: parameterization based on ZHS mainly based on J. Alvarez-Muniz, R. A. Vazquez, and E. Zas, Calculation methods for radio pulses from high energyshowers,Physical Review D62 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.84.103003

  • Alvarez2009: parameterization based on ZHS from J. Alvarez-Muniz, W. R. Carvalho, M. Tueros, and E. Zas, Coherent cherenkov radio pulses fromhadronic showers up to eev energies,Astroparticle Physics35(2012), no. 6 287 – 299 and J. Alvarez-Muniz, C. James, R. Protheroe, and E. Zas, Thinned simulations of extremely energeticshowers in dense media for radio applications, Astroparticle Physics 32 (2009), no. 2 100 – 111

seed: None or int

the random seed for the Askaryan modules

same_shower: bool (default False)

if False, for each request a new random shower realization is choosen. if True, the shower from the last request of the same shower type is used. This is needed to get the Askaryan signal for both ray tracing solutions from the same shower.

k_L: None or float

the k_L parameter for EM showers of the Alvarez2009 model. If a this parameter is provided, this value is used and the parameter will not be drawn from a random distribution. This setting overrides the same_shower setting

full_output: bool (default False)

if True, askaryan modules can return additional output. The additional output is always a dictionary

  • For Alvarez2009: dict containing the key ‘k_L’

  • For ZHS1992 and ALvarez2000 the dict is empty.

average_shower: bool (default False)

if True, for the Alvarez2009 model electromagnetic showers, no random shower is generated, but the average shower is choosen.

Returns:
spectrum: array

the complex amplitudes for the given frequencies

additional information: dict

only available if full_output enabled