NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern module

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.interpolate_linear(x, x0, x1, y0, y1, interpolation_method='complex')

helper function to linearly interpolate between two complex numbers

Parameters:

x: float

the requested position

x0, y0: float, complex float

the first data point

x1, y1: float, complex float

the second data point

interpolation_method: string

specifies if interpolation is in

• complex (default) i.e. real and imaginary part

• magnitude and phase

Returns:

y: complex float

the interpolated value

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.interpolate_linear_vectorized(x, x0, x1, y0, y1, interpolation_method='complex')

Same as interpolate_linear but all parameters can be vectors

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.get_group_delay(vector_effective_length, df)

helper function to calculate the group delay from the vector effecitve length

Parameters:

vector_effective_length: complex float

the vector effective length of an antenna

df: float

the size of a frequency bin

Returns:

dt: float

the group delay

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.parse_RNOG_XFDTD_file(path_gain, path_phases, encoding=None)

” reads in XFDTD data

Parameters:

path_gain: string

path to gain file

path_phases:

path to phases file

Returns:

all paramters of the file as numpy arrays

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.preprocess_RNOG_XFDTD(path_gain, path_phases, outputfilename, n_index=1.74, encoding=None)

” Preprocess an antenna pattern in XFDTD file format. The vector effective length is calculated and the output is saved to the NuRadioReco pickle format.

This conversion function ASSUMES THAT THE XFDTD SIMULATION IS DONE IN AIR! HERE WE DO A FIRST ORDER RESCALING TO A DIFFERENT INDEX OF REFRACTION by just rescaling the frequencies by f -> f/n.

Parameters:

path_gain: string

path to gain file

path_phases: string

path to phases file

outputfilename: string

path to outputfilename

n_index: float

refractive index for requested antenna file. The method assumes that simulations are done in air (n = 1)

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.parse_WIPLD_file(ad1, ra1, orientation, gen_num=1, s_parameters=None)

reads in WIPLD data

Parameters:

ad1: string

path to ad1 file

ra1: string

path to radiation pattern file

orientation: string

path to orientation file

gen_num: int

which antenna (one or two) to pull from

s_parameters: list of 2 ints

determines which s-parametr to extract (ex: [1,2] extracts S_12 parameter).

Returns:

all parameters of the files

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.preprocess_WIPLD_old(path, gen_num=1, s_parameters=None)

preprocesses WIPLD file

this function implements the older insufficient calculation of the vector effective length. This VEL only relates the incident electric field to the open circuit voltage and not the voltage in a 50 Ohm system.

Parameters:

path: string

path to folder containing ad1, ra1, and orientation files.

gen_num: int

which antenna (one or two) to pull from

s_parameters: list of 2 ints

determines which s-parametr to extract (ex: [1,2] extracts S_12 parameter).

Returns:

orientation theta: float

orientation of the antenna, as a zenith angle (0deg is the zenith, 180deg is straight down); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

orientation phi: float

orientation of the antenna, as an azimuth angle (counting from East counterclockwise); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

rotation theta: float

rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

rotation phi: float

rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

ff2: array of floats

array of frequencies

theta: float

zenith angle of inicdent electric field

phi: float

azimuth angle of incident electric field

H_phi: float

the complex realized vector effective length of the ePhi polarization component

H_theta: float

the complex realized vector effective length of the eTheta polarization component

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.save_preprocessed_WIPLD_old(path)

saves preprocessed WIPLD files to a pickle file

Parameters:

path: string

path to folder containing ad1, ra1, and orientation files.

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.preprocess_WIPLD(path, gen_num=1, s_parameters=None)

preprocesses WIPLD file

this function implements the older insufficient calculation of the vector effective length. This VEL only relates the incident electric field to the open circuit voltage and not the voltage in a 50 Ohm system.

Parameters:

path: string

path to folder containing ad1, ra1, and orientation files.

gen_num: int

which antenna (one or two) to pull from

s_parameters: list of 2 ints

determines which s-parametr to extract (ex: [1,2] extracts S_12 parameter).

Returns:

orientation theta: float

orientation of the antenna, as a zenith angle (0deg is the zenith, 180deg is straight down); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

orientation phi: float

orientation of the antenna, as an azimuth angle (counting from East counterclockwise); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

rotation theta: float

rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

rotation phi: float

rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

ff2: array of floats

array of frequencies

theta: float

zenith angle of inicdent electric field

phi: float

azimuth angle of incident electric field

H_phi: float

the complex realized vector effective length of the ePhi polarization component

H_theta: float

the complex realized vector effective length of the eTheta polarization component

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.save_preprocessed_WIPLD(path)

saves preprocessed WIPLD files to a pickle file

Parameters:

path: string

path to folder containing ad1, ra1, and orientation files.

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.save_preprocessed_WIPLD_forARA(path)

this function saves the realized gain in an ARASim readable format

Parameters:

path: string

path to folder containing ad1, ra1, and orientation files.

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.get_pickle_antenna_response(path)

opens and return the pickle file containing the preprocessed e.g. WIPL-D antenna simulation in NuRadioReco conventions.

If the pickle file is not present on the local file system, or if the file is outdated (verified via a sha1 hash sum), the file will be downloaded from a central data server

Parameters:

path: string

the path to the pickle file

Returns:

res: 9 lists

list containing the following elements:

• orientation_theta: float

  orientation of the antenna, as a zenith angle (0deg is the zenith, 180deg is straight down); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

• orientation_phi: float

  orientation of the antenna, as an azimuth angle (counting from East counterclockwise); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

• rotation_theta: float

  rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

• rotation_phi: float

  rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

• ff: array of floats

  array of frequencies

• thetas: array of floats

  zenith angle of inicdent electric field

• phis: array of floats

  azimuth angle of incident electric field

• H_phi: array of floats

  the complex realized vector effective length of the ePhi polarization component

• H_theta: array of floats

  the complex realized vector effective length of the eTheta polarization component

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.parse_AERA_XML_file(path)

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.preprocess_AERA(path)

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.parse_ARA_file(ara)

Helper function that parses the ARAsim ASCII files containig antenna responses

Parameters:

ara: string

path to the file

Returns:

ff: array of floats

frequencies

thetas: array of floats

zenith angle of inicdent electric field

phis: array of floats

azimuth angle of inicdent electric field

gains: array of floats

corresponding linear gain values

phases: array of floats

corresponding phases

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.preprocess_ARA(path)

preprocess an antenna pattern in the ARASim ASCII file format.

The vector effective length is calculated and the output is saved to the NuRadioReco pickle format.

Parameters:

path: string

the path to the file

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.parse_HFSS_file(hfss)

Helper function that parses the HFSS files containig antenna responses

Parameters:

hfss: string

path to the file

Returns:

ff: array of floats

frequencies

thetas: array of floats

zenith angle of inicdent electric field

phis: array of floats

azimuth angle of inicdent electric field

magnitudes_theta: array of floats

corresponding logarithmic magnitude values theta component

magnitudes_phi: array of floats

corresponding logarithmic magnitude values phi component

phases_phi: array of floats

corresponding phases phi component

phases_theta: array of floats

corresponding phases theta component

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.preprocess_HFSS(path)

preprocess an antenna pattern in the HFSS file format. The realized vector effective length is calculated and the output is saved in the NuRadioReco pickle format.

The vector effective length calculation still needs to be verified.

The frequencies, theta, phi, magnitude theta, magnitude phi, phase theta and phase phi are read from the csv file and than ordered according to the NuRadioReco format.

Parameters:

path: string

the path to the file

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.preprocess_XFDTD(path)

preprocess an antenna pattern in the XFDTD file format. The realized vector effective length is calculated and the output is saved to the NuRadioReco pickle format.

Parameters:

path: string

the path to the file

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.parse_LOFAR_txt_file(path_theta, path_phi)

Extract the values from a simulation file for the LOFAR LBA antenna model.

Parameters:

path_thetastr

Path to the file containing the values for the theta component

path_phistr

Path to the file containing the values for the phi component

NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.preprocess_LOFAR_txt(directory, ant='LBA')

Function to parse the LOFAR antenna model simulation files in TXT format. It extracts the vector effective length for all simulated frequencies, azimuth and zenith angles and dumps them into a pickle file according to the NuRadioReco specification.

Parameters:

directorystr

The path to the directory where the TXT files are stored

antstr, default=’LBA’

The antenna type

class NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.AntennaPatternBase

Bases: object

base class of utility class that handles access and buffering to antenna pattern

Methods

get_antenna_response_vectorized(freq, ...)

get the antenna response for a specific frequency, zenith and azimuth angle

get_antenna_response_vectorized(freq, zenith, azimuth, orientation_theta, orientation_phi, rotation_theta, rotation_phi)

get the antenna response for a specific frequency, zenith and azimuth angle

All angles are specified in the NuRadio coordinate system. All units are in NuRadio default units

Parameters:

freqfloat or array of floats

frequency

zenithfloat

zenith angle of incoming signal direction

azimuthfloat

azimuth angle of incoming signal direction

orientation_theta: float

orientation of the antenna, as a zenith angle (0deg is the zenith, 180deg is straight down); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

orientation_phi: float

orientation of the antenna, as an azimuth angle (counting from East counterclockwise); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

rotation_theta: float

rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

rotation_phi: float

rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

Returns:

VEL: dictonary of complex arrays

theta and phi component of the vector effective length, both components are complex floats or arrays of complex floats of the same length as the frequency input

class NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.AntennaPattern(antenna_model, path='/home/runner/work/NuRadioMC/NuRadioMC/NuRadioReco/detector/AntennaModels', interpolation_method='complex')

Bases: AntennaPatternBase

Utility class that handles access and buffering to simulated antenna pattern. The class accesses the NuRadioReco pickle format file which contains the preprocessed antenna pattern.

The pickle file contains 9 lists of the following elements:

orientation_theta: float

orientation of the antenna, as a zenith angle (0deg is the zenith, 180deg is straight down); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

orientation_phi: float

orientation of the antenna, as an azimuth angle (counting from East counterclockwise); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

rotation_theta: float

rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

rotation_phi: float

rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

ff: array of floats

array of frequencies

thetas: array of floats

zenith angle of inicdent electric field

phis: array of floats

azimuth angle of incident electric field

H_phi: array of floats

the complex realized vector effective length of the ePhi polarization component

H_theta: array of floats

the complex realized vector effective length of the eTheta polarization component

Methods

get_antenna_response_vectorized(freq, ...)

get the antenna response for a specific frequency, zenith and azimuth angle

Parameters:

antenna_model: string

name of antenna model

path: string

path to folder containing the antenna models

interpolation_mode: string

specify in which domain the interpolation should be performed, can be either

• ‘complex’ (default) interpolate real and imaginary part of vector effective length

• ‘magphase’ interpolate magnitude and phase of vector effective length

Methods

get_antenna_response_vectorized(freq, ...)

get the antenna response for a specific frequency, zenith and azimuth angle

get_antenna_response_vectorized(freq, zenith, azimuth, orientation_theta, orientation_phi, rotation_theta, rotation_phi)

get the antenna response for a specific frequency, zenith and azimuth angle

All angles are specified in the NuRadio coordinate system. All units are in NuRadio default units

Parameters:

freqfloat or array of floats

frequency

zenithfloat

zenith angle of incoming signal direction

azimuthfloat

azimuth angle of incoming signal direction

orientation_theta: float

orientation of the antenna, as a zenith angle (0deg is the zenith, 180deg is straight down); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

orientation_phi: float

orientation of the antenna, as an azimuth angle (counting from East counterclockwise); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

rotation_theta: float

rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

rotation_phi: float

rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

Returns:

VEL: dictonary of complex arrays

theta and phi component of the vector effective length, both components are complex floats or arrays of complex floats of the same length as the frequency input

class NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.AntennaPatternAnalytic(antenna_model, cutoff_freq=0.05)

Bases: AntennaPatternBase

utility class that handles access and buffering to analytic antenna pattern

Methods

get_antenna_response_vectorized(freq, ...)

get the antenna response for a specific frequency, zenith and azimuth angle

parametric_phase

Methods

get_antenna_response_vectorized(freq, ...)

get the antenna response for a specific frequency, zenith and azimuth angle

parametric_phase

parametric_phase(freq, phase_type='theoretical')

get_antenna_response_vectorized(freq, zenith, azimuth, orientation_theta, orientation_phi, rotation_theta, rotation_phi)

get the antenna response for a specific frequency, zenith and azimuth angle

All angles are specified in the NuRadio coordinate system. All units are in NuRadio default units

Parameters:

freqfloat or array of floats

frequency

zenithfloat

zenith angle of incoming signal direction

azimuthfloat

azimuth angle of incoming signal direction

orientation_theta: float

orientation of the antenna, as a zenith angle (0deg is the zenith, 180deg is straight down); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

orientation_phi: float

orientation of the antenna, as an azimuth angle (counting from East counterclockwise); for LPDA: outward along boresight; for dipoles: upward along axis of azimuthal symmetry

rotation_theta: float

rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

rotation_phi: float

rotation of the antenna, is perpendicular to ‘orientation’, for LPDAs: vector perpendicular to the plane containing the the tines

Returns:

VEL: dictonary of complex arrays

theta and phi component of the vector effective length, both components are complex floats or arrays of complex floats of the same length as the frequency input

class NuRadioReco.detector.antennapattern.AntennaPatternProvider(*args, **kwargs)

Bases: object

Provider class for antenna pattern. The usage of antenna pattern through this class ensures that an antenna pattern is loaded only once into memory which takes a significant time and occupies a significant amount of memory.

Methods

load_antenna_pattern(name, **kwargs)

loads an antenna pattern and returns the antenna pattern class

load_antenna_pattern(name, **kwargs)

loads an antenna pattern and returns the antenna pattern class

Parameters:

name: string

the name of the antenna pattern

**kwargs: dict

key word arguments that are passed to the init function of the AntennaPattern class (see documentation of this class for further information)